Calcium Carbide - CaC2

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What is Calcium Carbide?

Pure Calcium Carbide is a colourless and odourless solid with the chemical formula CaC2.

Commercial Calcium Carbide, however, may present in a relatively wide range of colours depending on the impurities present (usually calcium, magnesium, and other oxides).

CaC2 is a chemical compound with a chemical name Calcium Carbide. It is also known as calcium acetylide, phenyl glyceryl ether diacetate, and glycerol phenyl ether diacetate. Calcium Carbide in its pure form appears as a colourless crystalline solid and is a rock-like structure at room temperature.

Table of Contents

Calcium Carbide Structure (CaC2 Structure)

Production of Calcium Carbide &#; CaC2

Production of calcium carbide in industries is as follows.

• • 1. The mixture used is coke and lime
    2. Temperature range is set at approximately 2,200 °C
    3. The entire process is carried out in an electric arc furnace

This compound is widely used in the manufacture of calcium cyanamide and acetylene.

Properties of Calcium Carbide &#; CaC2

CaC2 Calcium Carbide Molecular Weight/ Molar Mass 64.099 g/mol Density 2.22 g/cm3 Melting Point 0C Boiling Point oC

Uses of Calcium Carbide (CaC2)

• • • It is used in the production of calcium hydroxide and acetylene.
    • It is used in the production of polyvinyl chloride as acetylene the derivative of calcium carbide can be used as a raw material for the production of PVC.
    • It is used to produce calcium cyanamide.
    • It is used in the removal of sulphur from iron. The removal of sulphur from any material is called desulphurization.
    • It is used in lamps such as carbide lamps. In the early days, it was used as headlights for automobiles.
    • Used as a ripening agent like ethylene.
    • It is used in bamboo cannons as well as big-bang cannons.
    • It is used as a deoxidizer i.e it helps in the removal of oxygen during the manufacturing of steel.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the uses of calcium carbide?

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Calcium carbide can be reacted with water to produce acetylene and calcium hydroxide. Calcium cyanamide can also be produced from this compound by reacting it with nitrogen at relatively high temperatures. Calcium carbide is also used in the desulphirisation of iron.

What is the role of calcium carbide in carbide lamps?

In carbide lamps, calcium carbide plays an integral role. Water dripping on the carbide creates acetylene gas, which burns and emits light. Carbide lamps were still commonly used in early cars, motorcycles, and bicycles as headlights, but were eventually replaced by electric lamps

How is calcium carbide produced?

Calcium carbide can be produced industrially from a mixture of lime and coke at about 2.200 ° C (3.990 ° F) in an electric arc furnace. In conventional combustion, the high temperature needed for this reaction is not technically achievable, so the reaction is performed in an electric arc furnace with graphite electrodes.

Learn more about the structure, physical and chemical properties of Calcium Carbide (CaC2) from the expert faculties at BYJU&#;S.

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Desulfurization (direct)

In modern steelmaking operations, the need for lower sulfur steels demanded by modern continuous casting operations and specialty applications has increased calcium carbide's appeal as a hot metal desulfurizer.

As late as , most blast furnace iron was desulfurized in the torpedo car as shown above. In the integrated steel mill, this practice has now been largely replaced by the use magnesium to remove an initial amount of sulfur in the transfer ladle, and the use of carbide as a steel ladle deoxidizer and slag conditioner to obtain the final sulfur specification.

In ductile iron foundries, liquid iron must be desulfurized before specialized inoculation treatments can be employed. This desulfurization is frequently performed by feeding granular forms of calcium carbide onto the surface of the liquid iron, which is contained in specially designed mixing units.

Purity and particle size are the key parameters for optimum effectiveness in these applications. Particle sizing is carefully selected to provide maximum contact with carbide particles without incurring excessive dust losses.

Carbide Industries manufactures three standard sized products for ductile iron desulfurization, generally within the range of 8 to 80 US-mesh (2.5 to 0.2 mm). In addition, two patented specialty products are available to meet specific customer requirements. These specialized products are formulated to help eliminate the retention of unreacted carbide in the resulting desulfurization slags and also to minimize slag odor.

For subsurface injection, a powdered carbide is manufactured by ball milling selected sizes of carbide to less than 140 US-mesh (<105 microns). The milled carbide can then be custom blended with a wide range of other powder additives, such as lime, limestone, and fluorspar to meet customer specified formulations. The milled carbide is treated with special additives to significantly improve flow characteristics.

Because of their reactivity, calcium carbide powders are manufactured, mixed, loaded, and transported in either 20 ton pressure differential trailers or 90 ton railcars, under an inert nitrogen atmosphere.

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