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What is Calcium Formate used for?

Kemiex is an all-in-one market information, purchasing and sales platform for animal and human nutrition raw materials. In the following series of articles, we will explain the functions and uses of products that can be found in the Kemiex marketplace. On this occasion, we are going to explain the benefits of calcium formate:

What is Calcium Formate used for?

Calcium Formate is a chemical compound with the formula Ca(HCOO)2. It is the calcium salt of formic acid and has a variety of applications. In the food industry, Calcium Formate is used as a food additive and a preservative. It is also used in the construction industry as a setting accelerator in cement and concrete formulations. Additionally, it is used as a feed additive for animals to improve their growth and health.

What are the main uses of Calcium Formate?

1. Food industry:

In the food industry, Calcium Formate is used as a food additive and preservative. It is used as a calcium supplement and a source of organic acid. It can also be used as a flavor enhancer, helping to improve the taste of certain foods. Additionally, Calcium Formate is used as a preservative to extend the shelf life of certain foods, particularly bread and baked goods.

2. Feed industry:

Calcium Formate is also used as a feed additive for animals, particularly swine and poultry. It is added to their feed to improve their growth and overall health. Calcium Formate helps to reduce the incidence of diarrhea and other digestive issues in animals, improving their overall well-being. It is also used as a source of dietary calcium, which is essential for healthy bone growth and development.

3. Construction industry:

One of the main applications of Calcium Formate is as a setting accelerator in the construction industry. It is used as an additive in cement and concrete formulations to accelerate the setting process, resulting in faster curing times. This helps to improve the strength and durability of concrete structures. Calcium Formate is also used as an anti-freezing agent for concrete, helping to prevent the formation of ice and improving the workability of the mixture in colder temperatures.

4. Leather tanning:

Calcium Formate is used in the leather industry as a pickling agent to remove hair and other impurities from animal hides. It also helps to preserve and soften the leather.

5. Drilling fluids:

Calcium Formate is used in oil and gas drilling fluids to control the pH and prevent the growth of microorganisms. It also helps to stabilize the viscosity of the drilling mud and reduce the friction and wear of the drilling equipment.

In summary, Calcium Formate is a versatile chemical compound that has a variety of applications in various industries. Its main uses include as a setting accelerator in cement and concrete formulations, as a food additive and preservative in the food industry, and as a feed additive for animals.

 

What Are The Uses Of Calcium Formate?

Calcium formate is a calcium salt commonly obtained by reacting calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide with formic acid. It appears as a white, crystalline powder that is highly soluble in water. This compound has a variety of uses in construction, industrial and agricultural applications.

This compound is valued for its unique properties, such as compatibility, solubility, and heat resistance. The most common uses of calcium formate include the following:

Construction

Calcium formate has many uses in the construction industry. It is primarily used as an additive in grout and cement to accelerate the curing process and improve the strength of the final product.

When added to concrete formulations, calcium formate can enhance the early strength development of the material. This is beneficial in applications where rapid strength gain is needed, such as rapid-setting repairs and precast concrete products.

Adding calcium formate to concrete mixtures can also help decrease water demand, allowing for a lower water-to-cement ratio. This leads to improved workability and a more durable final product. Additionally, calcium formate can contribute to the overall durability of concrete by minimizing the permeability of the concrete formulations.

Agriculture

In agriculture, calcium formate is typically used as an animal feed additive. It is added to livestock feed to provide a supplemental source of calcium, which is vital for skeletal growth and muscle contractions. When added to animal feed, calcium formate ensures sufficient calcium absorption for livestock, especially during periods of high calcium demand like lactation and pregnancy.

This compound can also help prevent and treat calcium deficiency-related issues in livestock, which can cause muscle weakness and other health issues. Calcium formate can help stimulate the growth and overall health of livestock by promoting optimal skeletal development, muscle function, and nutrient absorption.

Leather Industry

In the leather industry, calcium formate is primarily used as a bating agent in the leather tanning process. Bating is the treatment of hides with enzymes to remove unwanted protein materials such as leftover flesh and hair roots. This leads to a cleaner and more uniform leather.

Calcium formate is used as a pH regulator and buffering agent to adjust and stabilize the pH of the leather during different stages of the tanning process. This helps maintain the desired pH range, which is essential for optimal protein structure and the efficiency of subsequent tanning operations.

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Gypsum-Based Materials

Calcium formate serves as a fire-retardant additive in gypsum-based materials like drywall and gypsum boards. When included in these materials, calcium formate helps improve the flame-retardant and fire-resistance properties of the final product.

This compound also has a high heat absorption ability. It can take up heat from the fire, preventing it from spreading to other parts of the gypsum material or the surrounding environment.

 

Calcium formate

 

Calcium formate is the calcium salt of formic acid. It is also known as E238. Under this E number it is used as an animal feed preservative within EU, but not in foods intended for people.[5]

Calcium formate is stable at room temperature,[5] is flammable and forms orthorhombic crystals.[2] The mineral form is very rare and called formicaite, and is known from a few boron deposits.

Uses

 

Calcium formate is used within EU as an animal feed preservative. It acidifies the feed thus preventing microbe growth and increasing shelf life. About 15 g of calcium formate addition per kg of feed lowers its pH by one. 15 g/kg is the maximum recommended feed concentration within EU &#; this level is thought to be safe for pigs, chickens, fish and ruminants. The compound is not environmentally harmful in feed use at these levels. Calcium formate prevents the growth of bacteria such as E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus hirae in growth mediums. It also prevents the growth of fungi like Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. However, the relevance of these experimental observations to feed preservation is not known.[5]

Calcium formate is used as a masking agent in the chrome tanning of leather. Calcium formate in tannage formulation promotes faster, more efficient leather penetration of the chrome. Calcium formate can also be used as a replacement for formic acid in the pickling operation.[4]

As a grout and cement additive, calcium formate imparts a number of desirable properties in the final product, e.g. increased hardness and decreased setting time. Its addition is desirable for work at low temperature and for inhibition of corrosion of metal substrates within cement/grout. It is also effective in the prevention of efflorescence. In drywall (gypsum board), calcium formate can function as a fire retardant.[4]

Calcium formate and urea mixtures are effective deicers, and tend to cause less corrosion of steel and cement surfaces relative to some other deicers.[4]

Research

 

Calcium formate seems to be safe as a calcium supplement for people with one time doses of 3.9 g ( of calcium) per day.[6] Increases in blood formate concentration have been observed with such doses, but in healthy subjects the formate does not accumulate, and is quickly metabolized. Calcium formate is shown to be more readily absorbed form of calcium than calcium carbonate and calcium citrate.[7] No optic nerve damage has been observed with calcium formate supplementation &#; along with formaldehyde, formate is a major metabolic product of methanol, which can cause blindness upon ingestion.[8]

Calcium formate could be used to remove environmentally harmful (see acid rain) sulfur oxides (SOX) from fossil fuel exhausts of e.g. power plants. Calcium formate is added to wet calcium carbonate to promote the formation of gypsum when exhaust is run through it. This process is called wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGS). Gypsum binds sulfur oxides thus reducing their release to the environment via exhaust. Calcium formate seems to be more effective than or almost equally as effective as some other industrially used WFGS agents.[9]

Production

 

Calcium formate is formed as a co-product during trimethylolpropane production. Hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide) is used as the source of calcium. Butyraldehyde and formaldehyde react in a water solution in the presence of a basic catalyst, forming an unstable intermediate product, dimethylol butyraldehyde (DIMBA). DIMBA reacts further with formaldehyde to give trimethylolpropane and calcium formate. Calcium formate is separated from the solution, heat treated to remove formaldehyde and then dried.[5]

Calcium formate can also be made from calcium hydroxide and carbon monoxide at high pressure and temperature[2] &#; e.g., at 180 °C and 35 atm.[10] It may also be made from calcium chloride and formic acid.[2]

Safety

 

Pure calcium formate powder irritates eyes severely, but causes no skin irritation. Powder inhalation can be dangerous.[5] The compound has a stinging taste. Ingesting liquids with high calcium formate concentrations cause severe gastrointestinal lesions.[11]

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