6 Heat Sink Types: Which One is Best for Your Project?
6 Heat Sink Types: Which One is Best for Your Project?
6 Heat Sink Types (By Manufacturing Process)
When discussing the different types of heat sinks, we generally classify them based on their manufacturing process.
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Each heat sink manufacturing process has its own advantages and drawbacks. There are a number of different ways to make heat sinks. Lets take a look at 6 common heat sink types.
#1 Extruded Heat Sinks
The majority of heat sinks are made from extruded aluminum. The process is useful for most applications. Extruded heat sinks come at a low cost and custom specifications can be easily manufactured. The performance of extruded heat sinks can range from low to high. Their main downside, though, is that dimensions are limited by the maximum width of extrusion. Learn more
#2 Bonded Heat Sinks
These are normally used for applications that require large-sized heat sinks. One benefit of these is that the base material and fin material can be different. Also, a combination of aluminum and copper fins can be used instead of just one fin material. This allows you to improve thermal performance while adding a minimal amount of weight. Bonded-fin heat sinks generally offer moderate performance and come at a high cost.
#3 Skived Heat Sinks
Heat sinks produced through this method are normally made from copper. They are produced from a solid block of metal. These heat sinks offer high design flexibility and you can achieve high fin-density. This creates more surface area and opportunity for heat dissipation. They offer medium to high performance, but their drawbacks are generally high weight and directional sensitivity.
#4 Stamped Heat Sinks
In this process, metal fins are stamped and then soldered onto the base. These are generally used for low-power applications. The advantage of stamped heat sinks is their very low cost due to ease of production automation. However, the biggest drawback is low performance.
#5 Forged Heat Sinks
Forged heat sinks are made by compressing aluminum or copper and have many applications. Heat sinks can be cold forged or hot forged. These offer medium performance and can be made at low cost for high volumes. However, they offer limited design capabilities.
#6 CNC Machined Heat Sinks
These offer high thermal conductivity, and you can achieve the most complex geometries with this process. This means you have plenty of flexibility in your design. But, they come at a high cost and the production time for each piece can make them less-than-ideal for high volumes.
Choose the Right Heat Sink Type for Your Needs
Heat sinks help absorb and dissipate the heat generated by electronic devices. You need to be sure you choose the appropriate type based on your design needs and volume requirements.
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Remember that sometimes active heat sinks are required for enhanced heat dissipation. But passive heat sinks with no moving parts can be used as well.
Also, when it comes to materials, aluminum offers weight and cost savings, while copper allows the highest level of thermal conductivity.
From extrusion and bonding to forging and machining, there are a number of different manufacturing options available. Each has its advantages and drawbacks.
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The Complete Guide To Heat Sinks
Traditionally most heat sink manufacturers use one of two materials: copper or aluminum. Copper has a higher thermal conductivity than aluminum, but it is also heavier, a more expensive material and cannot be formed in an extrusion. For these reasons, its pretty safe to say that the best heat sink material is aluminum.
Although an aluminum heatsink extrusion is not quite as conductive as copper heatsink on its own, it has more than enough additional benefits to make up for it. From a radiation standpoint, aluminum is typically brighter than copper, meaning that it is better at reflecting heat from light sources. This is true even for unpolished aluminum. Also, aluminum can be anodized in a multitude of colors.
Aluminum is inexpensive to manufacture to form an aluminum heat sink extrusion, especially in comparison to copper. It is also incredibly lightweight and easy to manipulate. Both factors make aluminum ideal for larger and custom-configured aluminum heat sink extrusion. These custom configurations are designed from extruded aluminum.
The main functionality of heat sinks depends on the fin arrangement. They are most effective when they cover the greatest possible surface area, so manufacturers design them with multiple layers (aka fins). These fins can use a pin, straight finned extrusion, or flared aluminum heat sink extrusion configurations.
Each of these configurations has its pros and cons. When the airflow is limited, a pin fin heat sink is the most common on the market, providing more surface area for the standard degree of heat transfer. As the heat requirements increase, the fined aluminum heat sink extrusion can offer more economical and more configurations to transfer the heat better. The configurable design of the fins is the best overall for both performance and energy cost. for more extensive deception on types and materials of extrusions take a look here.
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