What is the introduction of welding machine?

MMA WELDING TIPS

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During Welding

The welding is started by sharply striking the bottom of the groove with the welding electrode. After this, move the welding electrode back to the beginning without stretching the arc, and move the electrode easily while monitoring the width of the molten weld pool. Move the welding electrode with the handle pointing forward. The boundary of the slag formed is visible after the molten weld. It must be behind the molten weld. The distance of the slag boundary from the molten weld can be adjusted with the welding current and the angle of the electrode holder. Throughout the welding, concentrate on the length of the arc and keep it as short as possible. The length of the arc increases easily as the electrode decreases in size during the welding. The movement may be somewhat difficult to control at first but it is easy to get accustomed to. When the welding electrode runs out, one needs to remove the slag from the previous weld and clean it with a steel brush. Ignite the next electrode slightly ahead of the previous weld and then move the welding electrode back to the previous weld and continue with the welding.

Introduction to Welding

Welding is a common process for joining metals using a large variety of applications. Welding occurs in several locations, from outdoors settings on rural farms and construction sites to inside locations, such as factories and job shops. Welding processes are fairly simple to understand, and basic techniques can be learned quickly.Welding is the joining of metals at a molecular level. A weld is a homogeneous bond between two or more pieces of metal, where the strength of the welded joint exceeds the strength of the base pieces of metal.

At the simplest level, welding involves the use of four components: the metals, a heat source, filler metal, and some kind of shield from the air. The metals are heated to their melting point while being shielded from the air, and then a filler metal is added to the heated area to produce a single piece of metal. It can be performed with or without filler metal and with or without pressure.

There are several types of welding that are used today. Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) or MIG, Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) or TIG, Flux Core Arc Welding, and Stick Welding are the most common found types in industrial environments.

Common Terms

There is a large vocabulary of specific welding terms. Knowing these terms is essential to learning about welding as well as understanding how to weld.

Arc Burn

Arc burn is a metallurgical notch caused by ground clamps or striking an arc on the base metal at any point other than the weld groove or immediate area that will be covered with the weld cap.

Base Metal

The base metal is the metal that is to be welded or cut. It is commonly referred to as the workpiece.

Butt Weld

A butt weld is a joint between two workpieces that are aligned on the same plane.

Cover Pass

The cover pass finishes the welded joint. It is higher than the adjacent surface and overlaps the groove.

Filler Pass

The filler pass follows the hot pass and fills the weld groove flush, or almost flush, with the surface of the workpieces.

Fillet Weld

A fillet weld is the joining of two workpieces with triangular cross-sections at approximately 90 degrees.

Heat-Affected Zone

The heat-affected zone is the area of metal near the weld metal that was not melted during welding, but did experience changes in its mechanical properties and/or microstructure due to the heat applied.

Hot Pass

The hot pass is the pass immediately following the stringer pass.

Joint

The hot pass is the pass immediately following the stringer pass.

Plug Weld

Plug welding is filling a hole or gap in one piece with weld or filling a hole and attaching the piece with the hole to the surface of another base piece.

Polarity

Polarity is the manner in which the electrode holder and workpiece connect to the electrical supply. This can be either direct current electrode negative, or DCEN, meaning straight polarity or direct current electrode positive, or DCEP, meaning reverse polarity.

Spot Weld

Spot welding is the process in which the weld pieces are pressed together with pressure, then a current is passed through them in a small spot and the two pieces are melted together at that location. Spot welding can be performed on metals from 0.5 to 3 mm.

Stringer or Root Bead

The stringer pass, or root bead, is the first pass in the weld. It is typically made without any weaving motion.

Weld Groove

Weld groove refers to a V- or U-shaped groove created by the beveling of the workpiece edges that will be joined.

Weld Metal

The weld metal is the portion of the base metal that is melted during the welding process.

Weld Pass

A weld pass is a single progression of welding along the joint. After a complete pass, it is referred to as a weld bead.

Welding Electrode

In arc welding, the electrode is used to pass current through the workpiece to fuse the two pieces together.

Types of Weld Joints

There are five common types of weld joints used in all types of welding: corner joints, edge joints, lap joints, tee joints, and butt joints.

Corner Joint &#; When two pieces are perpendicular to each other and one piece&#;s edge meets the end of the other piece&#;s surface, it is referred to as a corner joint. Common corner joints are edge to edge, flush corner, and half overlap, each with their own benefits.

Edge Joint &#; An edge joint is when two edges of weld pieces are adjacent and in parallel planes with each other. The weld does not penetrate completely through the joint thickness so it should not be used in high stress or pressure situations.

Lap Joint &#; A lap joint in welding occurs when a bead is made on the surface of one workpiece and the edge of the other piece. It should be performed with no gap between the two pieces.

Tee Joint &#; The edge of one workpiece meeting the surface of the other workpiece with material on both sides of the edge is called a tee joint.

Butt Joints &#; When two workpieces are aligned on the same plane and joined by a weld along their edges, it is called a butt joint. They are used where high strength is required because they are reliable and can withstand stress better than any other type of weld.

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Welding Symbols

Welding can be performed in thousands of combinations regarding position, welding type, welding dimensions, and many other varying components of welding.

Due to its diverse nature and the precise needs of the industrial world, a complex collection of symbols has been created to dictate exact weld details. This allows designers to precisely indicate the type, style, and other details of a weld using a symbol on a print for the piece being manufactured or otherwise altered.

The joint is the basis of reference for welding symbols. It has an arrow pointing to it and connects to the reference line. Including the arrow, there are eight elements of a welding symbol, explained below:

Reference Line &#; The reference line is used to designate the type of weld, weld location, size of the weld, extent of the weld, contour of the weld, and many other pieces of vital information.

Arrow and Other Side &#; All welded joint symbols have an arrow and other side, which is opposite the arrow side and used to indicate the location of the weld with respect to the joint.

Weld Symbols &#; Weld symbols, as opposed to welding symbols, indicate the desired type of weld.

Dimensions and Other Data &#; This information provides the details regarding the size of the weld and any other data needed to find the proper weld size.

Supplementary Symbols &#; Supplementary symbols give information on whether the weld is a &#;weld all around&#; or a &#;field weld.&#; It also indicates the desired contour of the weld.

Finish Symbols &#; The finish symbol dictates how the weld should be shaped or ground after the completion of the weld.

Tail &#; The tail of the symbol is used to designate the process by which the metals will be welded. It is also used to indicate the welding specifications, process, and other supplementary information regarding the weld.

Specifications, Process, or Other Information &#; The process of the weld includes details such as the type of filler rod, whether root chipping is required, and other pertinent data. There are letter designations for each type of welding process that can be performed.

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