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What is the working principle of air operated diaphragm pump?

Jan. 16, 2024

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In the realm of industrial fluid transfer and pumping, air-operated diaphragm pumps (AODD pumps) have gained immense popularity for their efficient and versatile performance. With their robust construction and reliable operation, these pumps have become indispensable in various industries, including mining, chemical processing, wastewater treatment, and many more. In this blog, we will delve into the working principle of air-operated diaphragm pumps, unraveling the ingenious mechanism behind their success.

1. The Basics: Understanding the Components:

What is the working principle of air operated diaphragm pump?

To comprehend the working principle of AODD pumps, let's first familiarize ourselves with their essential elements. A typical air-operated diaphragm pump consists of two air-driven diaphragms, a pump manifold, a set of check valves, and an air control system. These components work in tandem to create a suction and discharge action, enabling the transfer of fluids effectively.

2. The Diaphragm Motion: Creating the Pumping Action:

The magic behind air-operated diaphragm pumps lies in the unique motion of the diaphragms. These diaphragms, commonly made from flexible materials like rubber or thermoplastic, are attached to the pump manifold on either side. When pressurized air enters the pump, it acts on the diaphragm, pushing it in one direction. This displacement creates a low-pressure zone that draws fluid into the pump chamber from the suction side of the system.

3. Suction Stroke: Drawing in the Fluid:

During the suction stroke, thanks to the air pressure acting on one side of the diaphragm, it moves away from the pump manifold. Simultaneously, the opposing diaphragm is stretched inward due to its connection with the fluid outlet valve. This action allows one side of the pump chamber to increase in volume, resulting in a decrease in pressure. As a consequence, the fluid from the suction line enters the pump chamber through the inlet valve, getting ready for the next stage.

4. Shift in Air Pressure: Initiating the Discharge:

Now, it's time to initiate the discharge process. As the suction stroke completes, the air distribution system redirects the pressurized air to the opposite side of the diaphragms. This shift in air pressure causes the diaphragms to move in the opposite direction, towards the pump manifold, reducing the volume of the pump chamber. This reduction in volume compresses the fluid trapped inside, increasing its pressure.

5. Discharge Stroke: Expelling the Fluid:

With increased pressure inside the pump chamber, the discharge or outlet valve opens, allowing the fluid to exit the pump. Simultaneously, the diaphragm on the suction side is pulled towards the pump manifold, further compressing the fluid inside the chamber. This continuous motion pushes the fluid out of the pump through the outlet valve, creating a steady flow.

6. Check Valves: Regulating the Fluid Flow:

To ensure smooth operation and prevent any backflow, air-operated diaphragm pumps are equipped with check valves. Positioned between the suction and discharge lines, these valves allow the fluid to flow in only one direction. As the diaphragms alternate their motion, the check valves ensure that fluid travels from the inlet to the outlet, without any reverse flow.

Conclusion:

The working principle of air-operated diaphragm pumps is an ingenious combination of air pressure, diaphragm motion, and check valve control. By harnessing the power of compressed air, these pumps efficiently draw in fluid during the suction stroke and expel it under pressure during the discharge stroke. This versatility, coupled with their robust design, has made AODD pumps a trusted and reliable solution for a wide range of industrial pumping applications. .

So, the next time you witness the impressive performance of an air-operated diaphragm pump, remember the intricate workings that provide its consistent and effective fluid transfer capabilities.

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