What is ss 904l pipe and Why Do We Use Them?

This article is about the metal alloy numbering system. For the dental notation system, see Universal Numbering System

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The unified numbering system (UNS) is an alloy designation system widely accepted in North America. Each UNS number relates to a specific metal or alloy and defines its specific chemical composition, or in some cases a specific mechanical or physical property. A UNS number alone does not constitute a full material specification because it establishes no requirements for material properties, heat treatment, form, or quality.

History

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During the early 20th century many different metal alloys were developed in isolation within certain industries to meet the needs of that industry. This allowed a wide variety of competing standards, compositions and designations to flourish. By the 1960s there were a number of differing numbering or designation schemes for various alloys. This meant that the same number might be used for different alloys, different numbers might be used for the same alloy or different trade names might indicate similar or wildly different alloys. Additionally, the increasing number of new alloys meant that the problem would only get worse.[1]

In January 1971, an 18-month study recommended that a unified system would be possible and helpful. An advisory board was established in April 1972 to establish the Unified Numbering System (UNS).[2] The UNS is managed jointly by the ASTM International and SAE International. The resulting document SAE HS-1086 provides a cross-reference between various designation systems and the chemical composition.

UNS number vs material specification

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A UNS number only defines a specific chemical composition, it does not provided full material specification. Requirements such as material properties (yield strength, ultimate strength, hardness, etc.), heat treatment, form (rolled, cast, forged, flanges, tubes, bars, etc.), purpose (high temperature, boilers and pressure vessels, etc.) and testing methods are all specified in the material or standard specification which is created by various trade and professional organizations. Many material or standard specifications include a number of different UNS numbers that may be used within that specification.

For example: UNS S30400 (SAE 304, Cr/Ni 18/10, Euronorm 1.4301 stainless steel) could be used to make stainless steel bars (ASTM A276) or stainless steel plates for pressure vessels (ASTM A240) or pipes (ASTM A312). Conversely, A312 pipes could be made out of about 70 different UNS alloy steels.

Format

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It consists of a prefix letter and five digits designating a material composition. For example, a prefix of S indicates stainless steel alloys, C indicates copper, brass, or bronze alloys, T indicates tool steels, and so on. The first 3 digits often match older 3-digit numbering systems, while the last 2 digits indicate more modern variations.

For example, Stainless Steel Type 310 in the original 3-digit system became S31000 in the UNS System. The more modern low-carbon variation, Type 310S, became S31008 in the UNS System. Often, the suffix digit is chosen to represent a material property specification. For example, "08" was assigned to UNS S31008 because the maximum allowed carbon content is 0.08%.

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Related links:
Pros And Cons of Shipping Container Homes UNS categories[3] UNS series Metal type(s) A00001 to A99999 Aluminum and aluminum alloys C00001 to C99999 Copper and copper alloys (brasses and bronzes) D00001 to D99999 Specified mechanical property steels E00001 to E99999 Rare earth and rare earthlike metals and alloys F00001 to F99999 Cast irons G00001 to G99999 AISI and SAE carbon and alloy steels (except tool steels) H00001 to H99999 AISI and SAE H-steels J00001 to J99999 Cast steels (except tool steels) K00001 to K99999 Miscellaneous steels and ferrous alloys L00001 to L99999 Low-melting metals and alloys M00001 to M99999 Miscellaneous nonferrous metals and alloys

eg[4]

M1xxxx - Magnesium Alloys

N00001 to N99999 Nickel and nickel alloys P00001 to P99999 Precious metals and alloys R00001 to R99999 Refractory metals and alloys

eg[4]

R03xxx- Molybdenum Alloys

R04xxx- Niobium (Columbium) Alloys

R05xxx- Tantalum Alloys

R3xxxx- Cobalt Alloys

R5xxxx- Titanium Alloys

R6xxxx- Zirconium Alloys

S00001 to S99999 Heat and corrosion resistant (stainless) steels T00001 to T99999 Tool steels, wrought and cast W00001 to W99999 Welding filler metals Z00001 to Z99999 Zinc and zinc alloys

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Example materials

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Some common materials and translations to other standards:[5]

• UNS K11547 is T2 tool steel
• UNS S17400 is ASTM grade 630, Cr-Ni 17-4PH precipitation hardened stainless steel
• UNS S30400 is SAE 304, Cr/Ni 18/10, Euronorm 1.4301 stainless steel
• UNS S31600 is SAE 316
• UNS S31603 is 316L, a low carbon version of 316. The digits "03" were assigned since the maximum allowed carbon content is 0.03%
• UNS C90300 is CDA 903

Chinese variant

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A UNS-derived system known as ISC (in Chinese 统一数字代号, literally "unified numeric designator") is used in China in parallel to the composition-based nomenclature.[6] Individual grades may receive the same number (e.g. S31603), a slightly different number (e.g. S30400/S30408, S17400/S17440), or a totally different one (e.g. S20200/S35450, S41026[7]/S45710).[5]

See also

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References

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• UNS Number Lookup, MatWeb Entering the UNS number shows a data sheet on the alloy.

The addition of copper to this grade gives it corrosion resistant properties superior to the conventional chrome nickel stainless steels, in particular to sulphuric, phosphoric and acetic acids. However, there is limited use with hydrochloric acids. It also has a high resistance to pitting in chloride solutions, a high resistance to both crevice and stress corrosion cracking. Alloy 904L performs better than other austenitic stainless steels due to the higher alloying of nickel and molybdenum.

The grade is non-magnetic in all conditions and has excellent formability and weldability. The austenitic structure also gives this grade excellent toughness, even down to cryogenic temperatures.

The high chromium content promotes and maintains a passive film which protects the material in many corrosive environments.904L has a greater resistance to precipitation of ferrite and sigma phases on cooling and welding than other stainless steels containing molybdenum such as 316L and 317L. There is no risk of intercrystalline corrosion on cooling or welding due to the low carbon content. Its maximum service temperature is at 450°C.

This grade is particularly useful in control and instrumentation tubing applications where 316 and 317L are not suitable.

Available tube product forms

• Straight
• Coiled
• Seamless

Typical Applications

• Seawater cooling equipment
• Chemical processing for sulphuric, phosphoric and acetic acids
• Gas washing
• Condenser tubes
• Control and instrumentation
• Heat exchangers

Typical manufacturing specifications

• ASTM A213
• ASTM A269
• ASTM A312
• BS EN 10216 pt.5
• Also individual customer specifications.

Industries predominantly using this grade

• Chemical processing
• Oil and gas
• Pharmaceutical

Technical Data

Mechanical Properties

Temper Annealed Tensile Rm 71 ksi (min) Tensile Rm 490 MPa (min) R.p. 0.2% Yield 32 ksi (min) R.p. 0.2% Yield 220 MPa (min) Elongation (2” or 4D gl) 35 % (min)

Physical Properties (Room Temperature)

Specific Heat (0-100°C) 450 J.kg-1.°K-1 Thermal Conductivity 11.5 W.m -1.°K-1 Thermal Expansion 15.8 μm/μm/°C Modulus Elasticity 190 GPa Electrical Resistivity 9.52

Ohm-cm

Density 7.95 g/cm3

Chemical Composition (% by weight)

Element Min Max C - 0.02 Mn - 2 Ni 23 28 Cr 19 23 S - 0.3 Mo 4 5 N - 0.1 Cu 1 2 P - 0.03 Si - 0.7

UNS NO8904, commonly known as 904L, is a low carbon high alloy austenitic stainless steel which is widely used in applications where the corrosion properties of AISI 316L and AISI 317L are not adequate.The addition of copper to this grade gives it corrosion resistant properties superior to the conventional chrome nickel stainless steels, in particular to sulphuric, phosphoric and acetic acids. However, there is limited use with hydrochloric acids. It also has a high resistance to pitting in chloride solutions, a high resistance to both crevice and stress corrosion cracking. Alloy 904L performs better than other austenitic stainless steels due to the higher alloying of nickel and molybdenum.The grade is non-magnetic in all conditions and has excellent formability and weldability. The austenitic structure also gives this grade excellent toughness, even down to cryogenic temperatures.The high chromium content promotes and maintains a passive film which protects the material in many corrosive environments.904L has a greater resistance to precipitation of ferrite and sigma phases on cooling and welding than other stainless steels containing molybdenum such as 316L and 317L. There is no risk of intercrystalline corrosion on cooling or welding due to the low carbon content. Its maximum service temperature is at 450°C.This grade is particularly useful in control and instrumentation tubing applications where 316 and 317L are not suitable.

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